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Anonymization

Methods, real-world cases and mistakes to avoid when anonymizing documents, files and databases.

IQVIA Fined €12 Million: When "Anonymous" Health Data Is Only Pseudonymized

France's CNIL (€5M) and Italy's Garante (€7M) fined IQVIA in 2026: its health data, presented as anonymous, was only pseudonymized. What it means for anyone sharing patient data.

EDPB Anonymization Guidelines 2026: What Changes and What to Do Now

The EDPB's 2026 guidelines on anonymization: 3 criteria, 2 approaches, anonymity that depends on the recipient, and the impact of AI. What to do now, in the EU, the UK and the US.

Data Masking for Test Data: Static vs Dynamic Masking Explained

What data masking is, how static and dynamic masking differ, and how to mask production data for test and staging while keeping it consistent and realistic.

How to Redact a PDF (and Check That the Redaction Actually Worked)

A black box drawn on a PDF hides text without removing it. Here is how to redact a PDF properly, check the result in three steps, and clean the metadata.

PII Redaction: How to Find and Redact Personal Data in Files and Databases

What counts as PII, where it hides in your files and databases (free text, comments, metadata), how it is detected, and how to redact or pseudonymize it.

Pseudonymization vs Anonymization: Definitions, Differences and the GDPR

Pseudonymization replaces what identifies a person with a pseudonym. The GDPR definition, how it differs from anonymization, and how to choose between them.

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